OWASP API Security Project
OWASP API Security Top 10 2023 RC is now available! Check out how to contribute.
What is API Security?
A foundational element of innovation in today’s app-driven world is the API. From banks, retail and transportation to IoT, autonomous vehicles and smart cities, APIs are a critical part of modern mobile, SaaS and web applications and can be found in customer-facing, partner-facing and internal applications. By nature, APIs expose application logic and sensitive data such as Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and because of this have increasingly become a target for attackers. Without secure APIs, rapid innovation would be impossible.
API Security focuses on strategies and solutions to understand and mitigate the unique vulnerabilities and security risks of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs).
API Security Top 10 2019
Here is a sneak peek of the 2019 version:
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API1:2019 Broken Object Level Authorization
APIs tend to expose endpoints that handle object identifiers, creating a wide attack surface Level Access Control issue. Object level authorization checks should be considered in every function that accesses a data source using an input from the user. Read more.
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API2:2019 Broken User Authentication
Authentication mechanisms are often implemented incorrectly, allowing attackers to compromise authentication tokens or to exploit implementation flaws to assume other user’s identities temporarily or permanently. Compromising a system’s ability to identify the client/user, compromises API security overall. Read more.
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API3:2019 Excessive Data Exposure
Looking forward to generic implementations, developers tend to expose all object properties without considering their individual sensitivity, relying on clients to perform the data filtering before displaying it to the user. Read more.
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API4:2019 Lack of Resources & Rate Limiting
Quite often, APIs do not impose any restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be requested by the client/user. Not only can this impact the API server performance, leading to Denial of Service (DoS), but also leaves the door open to authentication flaws such as brute force. Read more.
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API5:2019 Broken Function Level Authorization
Complex access control policies with different hierarchies, groups, and roles, and an unclear separation between administrative and regular functions, tend to lead to authorization flaws. By exploiting these issues, attackers gain access to other users’ resources and/or administrative functions. Read more.
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Binding client provided data (e.g., JSON) to data models, without proper properties filtering based on an allowlist, usually leads to Mass Assignment. Either guessing objects properties, exploring other API endpoints, reading the documentation, or providing additional object properties in request payloads, allows attackers to modify object properties they are not supposed to. Read more.
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API7:2019 Security Misconfiguration
Security misconfiguration is commonly a result of unsecure default configurations, incomplete or ad-hoc configurations, open cloud storage, misconfigured HTTP headers, unnecessary HTTP methods, permissive Cross-Origin resource sharing (CORS), and verbose error messages containing sensitive information. Read more.
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Injection flaws, such as SQL, NoSQL, Command Injection, etc., occur when untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker’s malicious data can trick the interpreter into executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization. Read more.
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API9:2019 Improper Assets Management
APIs tend to expose more endpoints than traditional web applications, making proper and updated documentation highly important. Proper hosts and deployed API versions inventory also play an important role to mitigate issues such as deprecated API versions and exposed debug endpoints. Read more.
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API10:2019 Insufficient Logging & Monitoring
Insufficient logging and monitoring, coupled with missing or ineffective integration with incident response, allows attackers to further attack systems, maintain persistence, pivot to more systems to tamper with, extract, or destroy data. Most breach studies demonstrate the time to detect a breach is over 200 days, typically detected by external parties rather than internal processes or monitoring. Read more.
Licensing
The OWASP API Security Project documents are free to use!
The OWASP API Security Project is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license, so you can copy, distribute and transmit the work, and you can adapt it, and use it commercially, but all provided that you attribute the work and if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.
Founders
Leaders
2023 Sponsors
2023 Contributors
Alex Marks-Bluth, Alissa Knight, Arik Atar, Corey Ball, Dan Gordon, Dor Tumarkin, Isabelle Mauny, Ivan Novikov, Juan Pablo, Roey Eliyahu, Roshan Piyush, Yaniv Balmas, Zavodchik Maxim
2019 Contributors
007divyachawla, Abid Khan, Adam Fisher, anotherik, bkimminich, caseysoftware, Chris Westphal, dsopas, DSotnikov, emilva, ErezYalon, flascelles, Guillaume Benats, IgorSasovets, Inonshk, JonnySchnittger, jmanico, jmdx, Keith Casey, kozmic, LauraRosePorter, Matthieu Estrade, nathanawmk, PauloASilva, pentagramz, philippederyck, pleothaud, r00ter, Raj kumar, Sagar Popat, Stephen Gates, thomaskonrad, xycloops123, Raphael Hagi, Eduardo Bellis, Bruno Barbosa
Google Group
Join the discussion on the OWASP API Security Project Google group.
This is the best place to introduce yourself, ask questions, suggest and discuss any topic that is relevant to the project.
GitHub
The project is maintained in the OWASP API Security Project repo.
The latest changes are under the develop
branch.
Feel free to open or solve an issue.
Ready to contribute directly into the repo? Great! Just make sure you read the How to Contribute guide.
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Feb 14, 2023
OWASP API Security Top 10 2023 Release Candidate is now available.
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Aug 30, 2022
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Oct 30, 2020
GraphQL Cheat Sheet release. A truly community effort whose log and contributors list are available at GitHub.
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Apr 4, 2020
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Mar 27, 2020
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Dec 26, 2019
OWASP API Security Top 10 2019 stable version release.
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Sep 30, 2019
The RC of API Security Top-10 List was published during OWASP Global AppSec Amsterdam (slide deck)
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Sep 13, 2019
The RC of API Security Top-10 List was published during OWASP Global AppSec DC (slide deck)
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May 30, 2019
The API Security Project was Kicked-Off during OWASP Global AppSec Tel Aviv (slide deck)
Planned Projects
- API Security Top 10
- API Security Cheat Sheet
- crAPI - Completely Ridiculous API, an intentionally vulnerable API project)
Roadmap
OWASP API Security Top 10 2019
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Malek Aldossary, Sabri Hassanyah, Mostafa Alaqsm, Fahad Alduraibi, Thamer Alshammeri, Mohammed Alsuhaymi
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Alireza Mostame, Mohammad Reza Ismaeli Taba, Amirmahdi Nowbakht, RNPG
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Eugene Rojavski, act1on3, keni0k